Agitrtor and mixers sealing 3-7

Alignment between the pump and its driver 14-3

• The process 14-3
• The reverse indicator method 14-3
• The "C or D" frame adapter 14-3
• The shaft to coupling spool method 14-3
• Face and rim method: 14-3
• Advantages of C or D frame adapter 14-3
• Moving the pump driver

API Gland 17-9

A.P.I, and C.P.I. specifications merger 12-5

A.P.I. Standard 18-4

API 682 & ISO 20149 18-8

A few terms you need to understand centrifugal pumps 1-5

A sensible preventative maintenance program for centrifugal pumps 9-5

Affinity laws- what happens when you change the pump speed or impeller diameter? 2-1

Affinity law supplements 11-8

Air ingestion Cavitation 1-3.2

Balanced seal 8-1

• Two way Balanced seal 8-2

Balancing centrifugal pump rotating components 9-01

Barrier or buffer fluid. The liquid we circulate between dual seals. 3-6

Bearing lubrication 5-3

Bearings - anticipated life and how they fail 5-3

Bearings - 4-12

• Understanding fatigue 4-12
• Why bearings become overloaded 4-12
• Affect of heat on the bearing lubricant 4-12
• Why do bearings fail 4-12
• Moisture in the bearings 4-12
• Solids in the bearings 4-12
• Keeping solids out of the bearings 4-12
• Converting to hydrodynamic bearings 4-12

Bending of the pump shaft 1-6

Best technology for mechanical seals 9-3

C or D frame adapter 14-3

Calculating NPSHA in non-metric units 11-12

Calculating radial thrust in centrifugal pumps 13-2

Calculating the first critical speed of the pump's rotating shaft 5-4

Calculating the total system head in USCS units 7-01

Calculating NPSHA in non-metric units 11-12

Carbon graphite seal faces - how they are manufactured 4-7

Cartridge seals - the major cause of overheating them 7-4

Cartridge seal problems 5-10

Cavitation - 1-3

• Vaporization
• Air ingestion
• Internal Recirculation
• Turbulence
• The Vane Passing Syndrome

Centerline design pump 3-10

Centrifugal pump formulas, rules and definitions 13-4

Centrifugal pump repair Boelens

Centrifugal pump shaft displacement 9-2

Centrifugal pump troubleshooting 1-2

Centrifugal pumps - what is wrong with their design ? 3-10

Changes in the pump discharge head 1-1

• Changes in the discharge head 1-1
• Design problems 1-1
• Maintenance problems 1-1
• Operation problems 1-1

Charts and Graphs

• ANSI pump dimensions, inch sizes
• ANSI pump dimensions, metric sizes
• Bearing fit tolerances
• C/R lip seal life chart
• Calculating the friction loss in inch size fittings and valves
  • Fittings, inch size
  • Valves, inch size
• Calculating the friction loss in inch size piping
  • 1.250" and 1.500" pipe
  • 2.000" and 2.500" pip
  • 3" pipe
  • 6" pipe
• Calculating the friction loss in metric pipe and fittings
• Carbon physicals
• Carcinogens list
• Classifying chemicals for sealing
• Cross section of a volute pump showing shaft deflection
• English to metric conversion tables 8-5
• Galvanic series of metals
• Glossary of seal and pump terms
• Mechanical seal hard face materials
• NPSH reducton chart
• O-ring compatibility guide
• OSHA 1910 regulation
• Pump types
  • The A.N.S.I. pump
  • The close coupled pump
  • The closed impeller, end suction, centrifugal pump
• Pump term relationships
• Seal face flatness readings
• Vapor Pressure Charts
  • Vapor pressure chart -60 to 240°F.
  • Vapor Pressure chart -180 F. to 60 F.
• Viscosity corrections for centrifugal pumps
• Water properties

Chemical classification for easier sealing 2-12

• Fluids that are sensitive to a change in temperature or pressure 2-12
• Liquids that require two mechanical seals 2-12
• Sealing non lubricants. 2-12
• Slurries, especially abrasive slurries 2-12
• Liquids sensitive to agitation 2-12
• Liquids that combine together to form a solid 2-12
• Clean, lubricating liquids 2-12
• Extreme operating conditions 2-12

Choosing the correct mechanical seal (home)

Chloride stress corrosion 17-7

Classifying chemicals for easier sealing 2-12

• Fluids that are sensitive to a change in temperature or pressure 2-12
• Liquids that require two mechanical seals 2-12
• Sealing non lubricants. 2-12
• Slurries, especially abrasive slurries 2-12
• Liquids sensitive to agitation 2-12
• Liquids that combine together to form a solid 2-12
• Clean, lubricating liquids 2-12
• Extreme operating conditions 2-12

Classifying mechanical seals 2-11

• The rotating seal 2-11
• The stationary seal 2-11
• The inside mounted seal. 2-11
• The outside mounted seal 2-11
• The single seal. 2-11
• Dual seals. 2-11
• The unbalanced seal. 2-11
• The balanced mechanical seal. 2-11
• The elastomer type seal 2-11
• The metal bellows seal 2-11
• The cartridge seal 2-11
• The non-cartridge seal 2-11
• The split seal. 2-11
• The solid seal. 2-11
• Motion seals. 2-11
• Pump Seals 2-11
• Original equipment ( OEM) designs 2-11
• Off the shelf, universal seal designs 2-11

Classifying seals by the operating conditions 4-3

Coke or coking 17-6

Common misconceptions about centrifugal pumps 11-2

Common sense and mechanical seals 7-6

Concentric dual seals 8-8

Concepts you need to understand centrifugal pumps 8-12

Condensate - why you must seal it 10-7

Controlling temperature and pressure in the pump stuffing box 8-9

Controlling the temperature in the stuffing box 4-6

Conversion tables 8-5

• Velocity 8-5
• Mass flow rate 8-5
• Volume of flow 8-5
• Force 8-5
• Pressure and liquid head 8-5
• Energy and work 8-5
• Power 8-5
• Volume 5

Converting head to pressure 1-5

Corrosion - problems with the 300 series of stainless steel 4-1

• General or overall corrosion 4-1
• Galvanic corrosion 4-1
• Pitting 4-1
• Intergranular corrosion 4-1
• Chloride stress corrosion 4-1
• Erosion corrosion 4-1
• Fretting corrosion 4-1
• Concentrated cell or crevice corrosion 4-1
• Selective leaching 4-1
• Micro organisims 4-1
• Galvanic series 4-1

Decision making 7-7

Desirable features in any mechanical seal 4-3

Discharge recirculation 3-6

Double seals - another name for dual seals 8-8

Dual mechanical seals 8-8

Duty point 18-3

Dynamically balancing the pump rotating components 9-1

Elastomers -

• Selecting the correct O-ring for the application 4-9
• Temperature limits 4-9
• Where the super compounds do not work 10-6

Electric motor - 6-4

• The service factor 6-4
• Selecting the correct horsepower 6-4
• The A.P.I. safety factors 6-4
• Full voltage vs. soft start 18-2

Environmental controls - controlling the temperature in the stuffing box 4-6

Environmental controls - controlling pressure in the stuffing box 4-10

Environmental control and special seals- 3-2

• Control stuffing box temperature 3-2
• Control stuffing box pressure 3-2
• Provide a lubricating fluid 3-2
• Decreasing aggitation in the stuffin box 3-2
• Handling slurry applications 3-2
• Design features for temperature extremes 3-2
• Design features for slurry applications 3-2

Environmental controls -how to use them 3-6

Estimating the shutoff head of a centrifugal pump 13-7

Evaluating mechanical seal design 6-2

Extreme operating conditions 2-12

Face opening 10-4

Face to face dual sealing 8-8

Flexibility factor, L³/D⁴ 1-6

Flushing confusion explained 3-6

• Discharge recirculation 3-6
• Suction recirculation 3-6
• Flushing 3-6
• Barrier or buffer fluid 3-6
• Jacketing fluid 3-6
• Quenching 3-6
• Using these tools 3-6

Frequently asked questions about mechanical seals 10-2

Fretting 10-3

Fugitive emissions - the chemicals on the list 5-1

Flow formulas 11-8

Flow through an orifice 13-12

Fluid viscosity 7-8

Flushing confusion explained 3-6

• Discharge recirculation 3-6
• Suction recirculation 3-6
• Flushing 3-6
• Barrier or buffer fluid 3-6
• Jacketing fluid 3-6
• Quenching 3-6
• Using these tools 3-6

Formulas for pipe friction vs. product flow 11-8

Fretting 10-3

Full voltage vs. soft start 18-2

Galvanic series of metals 4-1

Glossary of seal and pump terms

• Glossary A
• Glossary B
• Glossary C
• Glossary D
• Glossary E
• Glossary F
• Glossary G
• Glossary H
• Glossary I
• Glossary J
• Glossary K
• Glossary L
• Glossary M
• Glossary N
• Glossary O
• Glossary P
• Glossary Q
• Glossary R
• Glossary S
• Glossary T
• Glossary U
• Glossary V
• Glossary W
• Glossary X-Z

Grease or lip seals 3-10

Grout used to attach the pump to its base 7-5

Halogens and oxidizers 17-8

Hard faces - selecting the correct one 5-2

• Reaction bonded silicon carbide 5-2
• Self sintered silicon carbide 5-2
• Siliconized graphite 5-2
• Tungsten Carbide 5-2

Hard faces - When do you run them against each other? 17-10

Hard vacuum sealing 5-7

Head - calculating the total head in the system 7-1

Head - 1-1

• Changes in the discharge head 1-1
• Design problems 1-1
• Maintenance problems 1-1
• Operation problems 1-1

Heat how it affects the pump and mechanical seals- 1-4

• Heat generated at the seal faces 1-4
• Ambient heat 1-4
• Heat within the product 1-4
• Heat generated when parts rub together 1-4
• Heat generated by the bearing seals 1-4
• The corrosion rate of the pumping fluid increases 1-4
• Critical tolerances change 1-4
• Seal faces can be destroyed 1-4
• Elastomer life is reduced 1-4
• The product can change 1-4
• Recommendations to lower heat generation 1-4
• Pump modifications to lower heat generation 1-4

High head/ low capacity pumps 11-4

High speed pumps 11-4

Hot oil sealing 3-5

Hot water sealing 3-3

How efficient is your centrifugal pump? 7-2

How to:

• Communicate with mechanical seal suppliers 8-3
• Communicate with pump suppliers 8-3
• Get good mechanical seal life 2-8
• Read a pump curve 2-3
• How to implement the information you learn from self study and attendance at seminars 3-12.

How wide is your vision? 5-11

Hydraulic balance 8-1

• Two way hydraulic balance 8-2

Hydrodynamic gas seals 13-1

Hydrostatic sealing 12-2

Impellers, all about them 10-1

Internal Recirculation cavitation 1-3.3

ISO 20149 and API 682      18-8

Is this a mechanical seal application? (tutorial)

Jacketing fluid 3-6

Large stuffing box 7-9

L³/D⁴ 1-6

• L³/D⁴ and premature seal failure 11-6

Learning about centrifugal pumps (home)

Loss of suction 10-12

Low capacity problems 10-10

Low head problems 10-9

Lubricating the mechanical seal faces 18-9

Lubricating the mechanical seal rubber parts 18-10

Magnetic drive pumps - their limits 3-11

Magnetic Bearings 18-6

Mechanical seal hydraulic balance 8-1

Mechanical seal two way hydraulic balance 8-2

Metal bellows sealing 12-10

Metal bellows seal problems 5-10

Mixer and agitator sealing 3-7

Monitoring the centrifugal pump 9-11

Net positive suction head (NPSH) 11-12

Non lubricant sealing - 4-8

• Dry solids 4-8
• Gases 4-8
• Liquids 4-8

Non-seal pumps 3-11

Operating off the bep 11-4

Original equipment seal problems 4-4

Original equipment manufacturer seal problems 4-4

O-ring selection for the application 4-9

O-rings - the super compounds 10-6

Orifice flow 13-12

OSHA 1910 Act 8-10

Oversized pumps 7-10

Oversized stuffing box 7-9

Overview of seal troubleshooting 3-1

Oxidizers and halogens 17-8

Oxygen problems in condensate 10-7

Ozone 8-4

Packing conversion, the down side - 9-4

• Problem with pump seals
• Better seal designs
• Advantage of converting to a seal

Packing conversion - why you should do it and the possible savings 2-10

• The savings that are real and easily measurable 2-10
• Split seal advantages 2-10

Parallel operation of centrifugal pumps 18-1

Positive displacement pumps (Rotary) 12-3

Positive displacement pump troubleshooting 12-4

Predictive maintenance for centrifugal pumps 6-11

Prematiure seal failure 9-9

Pressure - how to control it in the stuffing box 4-10

Pressure and vacuum sealing 5-7

Preventive maintenance

• Preventative maintenance - pumps and seals 2-6
• Preventative maintenance - pumps 9-5
• Preventative maintenance - seals 9-6

Preventing premature pump failure 9-11

Preventing premature seal failure, cheat sheet 11-5

Preventing pump and seal problems 8-6

• The mechanical seal
• Converting packing to a seal
• Centrifugal pumps

Priming the centrifugal pump 6-6

Problem areas for seals and pumps 8-6

Problems associated with original equipment seal designs 4-4

Pump and driver alignment 14-3

• The process 14-3
• The reverse indicator method 14-3
• The "C or D" frame adapter 14-3
• The shaft to coupling spool method 14-3
• Face and rim method: 14-3
• Advantages of C or D frame adapter 14-3
• Moving the pump driver 14-3

Pump and seal problems with no apparant cause 4-5

• Cavitation 4-5
• The seal is getting hot 4-5
• The seal leaks for no apparant reason 4-5
• Component damage is visible, but no apparant cause 4-5
• Other problems 4-5

Pump base 7-5

Pump bearings, why do they fail? 4-12

Pump curve - how to read one 2-3

Pump design, what's wrong with it? 3-10

Pump efficiency - figuring the heads 7-2

Pump efficiency - making the calculations 6-1

Pump efficiency - the affect of the oversize pump 7-10

Pump installation (tutorial)

Pump modification (tutorial)

Pump modifications to increase seal life 11-1

Pump modifications to lower heat generation in the pump 1-4

Pump Monitoring 9-11

Pump rules of thumb 2-7

Pump selection (tutorial)

Pump vibration readings, how do we use them? 2-9

Pump standards - 2-4

• Problem with existing standards 2-4
• How to modify the pump for better performance 2-4

Pump surging 17-12

Pumps - additional information you need 11-4

• Magnetic Drive pump limitations
• Converting anti friction to sleeve bearings
• Wear ring clearance is too large
• Throttling the suction side of a pump
• Priming a centrifugal pump
• Variable speed drive problems
• Problems encountered operating off the bep
• Slurry pump features
• When you need high head/ low capacity
• Venting a centrifugal pump
• High speed pumps

Pumps, the best technology 9-3

Pumping terms 1-5

Reading seal face flatness 6-3

Repair of mechanical seals 5-8

Rotary pumps 12-3

Rubber bellows seal (type #1) problems 5-10

Rubber parts of the seal - 4-9

• Where the super compounds do not work 10-6

Recommendations to lower heat generation in a centrifugal pump 1-4

Rubber bellows seal 11-11

Rules of thumb - pumps 2-7

Rules of thumb - seals 2-5

Rules of thumb -seals and pumps 8-6

Seal applications

• Sealing hard vacuum 5-7
• Sealing high pressure 5-7
• Sealing products sensitive to agitation 6-12
• Slurry sealing 3-4
• Sealing products sensitive to a change in temperature or pressure 8-9
• Hot oil sealing 3-5
• Hot water sealing 3-3

Seal cartridge - problems with overheating in some designs 7-4

Seal design - build components to compensate for operating conditions 4-11

Seal design - the questions you should ask 6-2

Seal face

• Hardness testing 12-8
• Flatness- reading the optical flat and monochromatic light 6-3
• Seal face lubrication 9-7
• Seal face opening 10-3
• Seal face wear 9-9 

Seal failure 2-2

• Analyzing the components. 4-11
• Chemical attack 2-2
• Damage to a seal component 2-2
• Preventing premature failure 10-4
• Some things you can do to prevent it 10-5
• Things that will open the lapped faces 2-2
• A quick reference guide 4-11

Seal hydraulic balance - the conventional method 8-1

Seal hydraulic balance - two way balance for dual seals 8-2

Seal installation errors 5-10

Seals and pumps, how heat affects their life 1-4

Seal life - how to get good seal life 2-8

• Why don't good seals wear out? 9-9

Seal metal parts - selecting the right ones 5-9

Seal misconceptions 11-3

Seal partnering 13-10

Sealing products sensitive to temperature or pressure 8-9

Seal problems that occur shortly after installation 5-10

• Conventional seal problems
• Cartridge seal problems
• Rubber bellows seal (type #1) problems
• Metal bellows seal problems
• Split seal problems
• Other problems after installation
• Seal installation errors 10-3

Seal problems 8-11

• Design problems 8-11
• Operation problems 8-11
• Maintenance problems 8-11
• A quick reference to common troubleshooting mistakes 8-6
• A quick reference guide 4-11
• Problems with no apparent cause 4-5
• Selection practices that cause seal problems 6-9
• Troubleshooting seals - 3-1
• Causes of overheating in cartridge seal designs 7-4
• Corrosion problems associated with stainless steel 4-1
• Why do most mechanical seals fail? 2-2
• Why don't good seals wear out? 9-9  

Seal repair - the correct procedure 5-8

Seal repair kits 4-3

Seal selection (tutorial)

Seal specifications 4-3

Seal springs 3-9

Seal types 2-11

• The rotating seal 2-11
• The stationary seal 2-11
• The inside mounted seal. 2-11
• The outside mounted seal 2-11
• The single seal. 2-11
• Dual seals. 2-11
• The unbalanced seal. 2-11
• The balanced mechanical seal. 2-11
• The elastomer type seal 2-11
• The metal bellows seal 2-11
• The cartridge seal 2-11
• The non-cartridge seal 2-11
• The split seal. 2-11
• The solid seal. 2-11
• Motion seals. 2-11
• Pump Seals 2-11
• Original equipment ( OEM) designs 2-11
• Off the shelf, universal seal designs 2-1

Seal value - how to get good value 7-11

Seal, preventing premature failures 10-5

Sealless centrifugal pumps 3-11

Seals - as supplied by the original equipment manufacturer- the problems 4-4

Seals - dual 8-8

Seals - preventing premature failure 11-5

Seals, the best technology 9-3

• Materials
• Design
• Other

Seals - the most asked questions 10-2

Seals classification 2-11

Seal failure causes 9-9

Seal failure explained 2-2

• Seal life explained 2-2
• If you suspect corrosion 2-2

Sealless pumps 3-11

Series operation of centrifugal pumps 18-1

Setting up a training department for pumps and seals 17-02

Shaft assembly - dynamic balance 9-1

Shaft bending causes 1-6

Shaft deflection - 1-6

• Operating off the Best Efficiency Point (B.E.P.) 6-5
• Some calculations in inch and metric 10-8
• The bending force formula 1-6
• The stiffness ratio L³/D⁴ 1-6
• Three rules 8-12

Shaft displacement - common causes 4-11

Shaft displacement - the cheat sheet 9-2

Shaft displacement and original equipment seals (O.E.M.) 11-7

Shaft fretting and damage. The main causes 10-3

Slenderness ratio L³/D⁴ 1-6

Slip stick vibration 17-5

Slurry pump features 11-4

Slurry sealing 3-4

Some common misconceptions about mechanical seals 11-3

Sources of a temperature change in the stuffing box 9-8

Specific gravity 7-12

• Calculating for a solids & liquid mixture 7-12

Specific speed - how to calculate it 7-3

Specific speed vs. suction specific speed 9-12

Split mechanical seals 3-8

Split seal problems 5-10

Stainless steel - exceptions to the rule 5-9

Stainless steel (300 series) corrosion -4-1

• General or overall corrosion 4-1
• Galvanic corrosion 4-1
• Pitting 4-1
• Intergranular corrosion 4-1
• Chloride stress corrosion 4-1
• Erosion corrosion 4-1
• Fretting corrosion
• Concentrated cell or crevice corrosion 4-1
• Selective leaching 4-1
• Micro organisims 4-1
• Galvanic series 4-1

Stationary cartridge seals 11-10

Stationary vs. Rotary seals 11-

Stiffness ratio L³/D⁴ 1-6

Stuffing box 7-9

Surging 17-12

Suction loss 10-12

Suction recirculation 17-11

Suction specific speed 9-12

System curve 18-5

Tandem style dual sealing 8-8

Temperature - causes of a rise in stuffing box heat 7-8

The oversized centrifugal pump 7-10

Three concepts needed to understand centrifugal pumps 8-12

Throttling the suction side of a pump 11-4

Training for centrifugal pumps and mechanical seals 17-2

Troubles with no apparent cause 4-5

Troubleshooting pumps -

• Analyzing the visible rub marks 5-5
• Looses suction 10-12
• Poor maintenance practices 6-8
• Poor operating practices 6-7
• Poor selection 6-9
• Not enough capacity 10-10
• Not enough head 10-9
• Using too many amps. 10-11

Troubleshooting pumps - 1-2

• Looking At Rub Marks
• A different method of troubleshooting 5-6

Troubleshooting seal components 3-9

• The carbon face 3-9
• The hard face 3-9
• Analysis of the wear track on the hard face 3-9
• The elastomer 3-9
• The metal case or body 3-9
• Drive lugs, pins and slots 3-9
• The springs 3-9
• The sleeve or shaft 3-9
• The set screws 3-9
• The seal gland 3-9  

Troubleshooting seal leakage - 4-2

• The leakage occurs while the pump is both running and stopped 4-2
• The seal leaks only when the pump is running 4-2
• The seal leaks only when the pump is not running 4-2
• The leak occurs only at start up 4-2
• The seal leaks intermittently, 4-2
• The different types of leakage 4-2
• Noise in the stuffing box 4-2
• Auxiliary equipment failure 4-2
• The pump is vibrating 4-2 

Troubleshooting seal problems 8-11

• Design problems 8-11
• Operation problems 8-11
• Maintenance problems 8-11
• A quick reference to common troubleshooting mistakes 8-6

Why don't good seals wear out? 9-9  

Turbulance cavitation 3-1.4

Tutorials

• Selecting the pump impeller
• Is this a seal application?
• Installing the pump
• Modifying your centrifugal pump
• Selecting the correct pump
• Selecting the mechanical seal

Type #1 rubber bellows seal 11-11

Understanding split mechanical seals 3-8

Understanding the centrifugal pump system curve 5-12

VOC (Volatile organic compounds standards 8-10

Variable speed drive problems 11-4

Vane passing Syndrome cavitation 1-3.5

Vaporization Cavitation 1-3.1

Venting a centrifugal pump 11-4

Vibration in a centrifugal pump - causes and cures 2-9

Viscosity 18-7

What is happening between the mechanical seal faces? 9-7

What is meant by pump efficiency? 6-1

Why do most mechanical seals fail? 2-2

• If you suspect corrosion 2-2

Why packed pumps should be converted to mechanical seals 2-10

Why you have to prime a centrifugal pump. 6-6

Writing a set of seal specifications for your plant 4-3

• Classify seals by operating conditions 4-3
• Use dual seals in these applications 4-3
• Desirable features in any mechanical seal 4-3
• Repair kits 4-3

For information about my CD with over 600 Seal & Pump Subjects explained, click here  

 Link to Mc Nally home page www.mcnallyinstitute.com